初二英语导学提纲
课题：8B Unit7 Grammar
课前参与:
一. 预习P98-100,完成书本上的练习。
二. 重点难点解析：
一）什么是被动语态？ 语态是动词的一种形式，表示的是主语和谓语之间的关系。英语中的语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。
二）什么情况下用被动语态？ 当主语是谓语的执行者时，用主动语态。当主语是谓语的承受者时，用被动语态。如：
We clean the classroom every day. 我们每天都打扫教室。 （主语We是动作clean的实施者，所以用主动语态。）
The classroom _________ __________ (by us) every day. 教室每天都被(我们)打扫。（主语The classroom是动作clean的承受者，所以用被动语态。）
三）被动语态的基本构成：
1.一般现在时： 主语+be (am, is,are)+过去分词
2.一般过去时： 主语+be (was/were)+过去分词
注意：有些动词常用被动语态。 如：
He __________ ___________ in Nanjing. 他出生于南京。
This mobile phone ____________ ____________ in China. 这部手机是中国制造的。
动词被动语态的用法及注意点详见P138-139.
课中参与
一、词汇：根据句意，汉语或所给单词写出单词的正确形式：
1.The 29th Olympic Games was _____________ (举行) by Beijing in the year 2008.
2.The poor girl makes money by handing out _______________(传单).
3.Oxfam was ___________ (建立) up in the UK in 1942.
4.The shop sells a lots of things, _________________ (包括) comic books.
5.Now more and more foreigners are interested in Chinese _____________ (medical).
6.We’re all _____________ (pride) of the athletes in the Special Olympics.
7.I believe China will be a ________________ (develop) country in the near future.
8.John had to stay at home for two days because of his ______________ (ill).
二、选择题：
( )1. The old palace looks so great! I heard that it _______ nearly 1000 years ago.
A. was building B. was built C. has built D. is built
( )2.Today is her birthday. A delicious cake _________ her this morning.
A. makes B. make C . was made on D. was made for
( )3.――Henry, you ________ on the phone. ――Oh, _________. Thank you.
A. are wanted, I’m coming B. are wanted, I come
C. are being wanted, I come D. are wanting, I’m coming
( )4. You may watch TV after your homework __________.
A . was done B .is done C. has done D. will be done
( )5. The red shoes cost more because they ________ leather.
A. makes of B. made of C. are made of D. are made from
( )6.Chinese ________ by the largest number of people.
A. speak B. is speaking C. speaks D. is spoken
( )7.The books mustn’t __________ from the library.
A. be taken away B. take away C. taken away D. are taken away
( )8. I will go to the party if I _________.
A. will invite B. was invited C. am invited D. will be invited
( )9.The radio says a water sports centre is to _________ in our city.
A. be building B. build C. built D. be built
( )10.Mr Johnson’s story __________ by everyone who heard it.
A. laughed at B. was laughed at C. laughed D. was laughed
三、用所给动词的正确形式填空：
1.The teacher told us most of the earth ________________ (cover) with water.
2.Nobody likes to ______________ (laugh) at.
3.That day each of us ________________ (give) ten dollars after we finished the work.
4.___________ the problem _______________ (discuss) yesterday?
5.Liu Mei with her friends ________________ (see) working in the Home for the Old yesterday.
6.Every day an old man can be seen _______________ (clean) the street in the early morning.
7.The Great Wall _______________ (know) all over the world.
8.The accident _________________ (happen) on a cold winter night last year.
四、同义转换：
1.Where did they grow vegetables? Where ___________ vegetables ____________?
2.He told us a story. We _________ __________ a story by him. / A story ___________ ____________ ______________ us by him.
3.Her mother bought her a new pen.
A new pen ___________ ___________ ____________ her by her mother.
4.The garden needs watering. The garden needs _________ __________ ____________.
5.Nobody can answer the question. The question _______ ______ __________ by _________.
五、根据汉语完成句子：
1.志愿者们正在街上给人们分发广告。Advertisements _________ _________ ___________ ________ people in the street ________ ________________.
2.经常有人听到她在房间里唱歌。
She is often __________ __________ ____________ in her room.
3.敬老院的老人得到了很好的照顾。 The old people _________ __________ ____________ __________ ________ in the home for the elderly.
4.玩具和唱片被卖了用来筹钱。Toys and CDs ______________________________________.
5.在希望工程的帮助下，全国数百万的贫困儿童得到了基础教育。
_____________________ Project Hope, __________________ poor children all over the country ___________________________________.
6.他的眼疾是半年前治愈的。 His eye problem _____________________________________.
7.乐施会是什么时候成立的？ ________________________________________________?
8.许多盲人受到了奥比斯医生的帮助？
Many blind people ____________________________________________________.