新版人教新目标八年级英语下Unit10 I’ve had this bike for three years Section A(Grammar Focus-4c)教案
一、教学目标
1.知识与技能：
知识目标
掌握现在完成时的用法
能力目标
正确区分现在完成时与一般过去时
正确运用for 和since
2.过程与方法：创设情境，讲练结合，最后落实到写作。
3.情感目标
正确处理并充分利用自己的废旧物品。
二、教学重点、难点
1.现在完成时的用法。2.for 和since的用法
三、教学准备
多媒体课件; 达标测试题
四、教学课时
1课时
五、教学过程
Step 1 Group work
出示下面的典型例句，让学生们先自己观察句子结构，对比现在完成时和一般过去时的不同。
1. ― How long have you had that bike over there? 那边的那辆自行车你买了多长时间了？
― I’ve had it for three years. 我买了三年了。
2. How long has his son owned the train and railway set? 他的儿子拥有这套轨道火车多长时间了？
He’s owned it since his fourth birthday. 自他四岁生日起，他就拥有了它。
3. Hav e you ever played football? 你曾经踢过足球吗？
Yes, I did when I was little, but I haven’t played for a while now.
是的，当我很小时就踢过，但是现在我有好长一段时间没有踢了。
Step 2 Practice and emphasis
现在完成时
表示从过去已经开始持续到现在的动作或状态，可以和表示“从过去某一时刻延续到现在的 一段时间状语”连用，如“for + 时间段”、“since + 过去时间点”、“since + 过去时的从句”、“since + 一段时间 + ago”。且for与since引导的时间状语可以相互转换。
e.g. My uncle has worked at this factory for ten years.
= My uncle has worked at this factory since ten year ago.
I’ve lived here since 1990．
自从1990年以来我就住在这里。
I haven’t seen him for three years.
我三年没有看见他了。
She’s been at this school since five years ago.
自从五年前以来她就在这个学校。
歌诀 ：含有for，since的现在完成时的用法歌诀:
过去的动作或状态，一直持续到现在，for、since把时间带
句中动词的特点
此种用法中表示持续性的动作或状态的动词必须是延续性动词（否定句除外）
这本书我买了5年了。
I have bought the book for five years. ( )
I’ve had the book for five years. ( )
2. 你哥哥参军多长时间了？
How long has your brother joined the army? ( )
How long has your brother been in the army/been a soldier? ( )
非延续性动词和延续性动词之间的转换
1. 转换为相应的延续性动词，用于现在完成时。
borrow ― keep buy ― have put on ― wear
catch a cold ― have a cold get to know ― know
get to sleep ― sleep
2. 转化为“be + 形容词/副词/介词/名词”
begin / start ― be on go out ― be out cl ose ― be closed
open ― be open get to/arrive/reach ― be (in)
die ― be dead leave ― be away finish ― be over fall sleep ― be asleep join ― be in/be a member of
become ― be make friends ― be friends
come/go ― be + 相应的介词短语
Step 3 4a Rewrite the sentences using for or since
1. Jim is in Japan. He arrived the re three years ago.
Jim has been in Japan for three years.
2. They are very hungry. Their last meal was ten hours ago.
They have been hungry for ten hours/since ten hours ago.
3. I have a camera. I bought it in 2009.
I have had a camera since 2009.
4. I know Ann. I first met her three years ago.
I have known Ann for three years/since three years ago.
5. Linda is ill. She became ill on Monday.
Linda has been ill since Monday.
Step 4 4b Fill in the blanks with correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
1. I __________ (never be) to the water park before. I want to _____ (go) next month before the weather gets too cold.
2. They _____________ (never own) any pets, but they ___________ (always want) to have a dog.
3. We ________ (have) a piano since last November. We ______ (buy) it from the Li family when t hey moved to the US last year.
4. Cathy and Amy __________ (not be) back to their hometown for two years. They _______ (miss) their hometown a lot and hope to visit the place next year.
5. This museum __________ (be) here for over 20 years. It ______ (be) one of the oldest buildings in this small town.
Step 5 Group work
4c Fill in the questions and ask two students. Then complete the chart.
1. Do you have a(n) _______? How long have you had it?
2. Do you own a(n)_______? How long have you owned it?
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Things How long
Tony favorite book basketball for two years since he was 10years old
Student 1
Student 2
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Step 6 Writing Write a short passage with the form in 4c.
Step 7 Examination 当堂检测,检查掌握情况。
Step 8 Homework
1.Remember the new words in SectionA.
2.Finish off the exercises.in TB and PT
3.Preview SectionB 1a-1d .