高三英语复习教案(SBⅠ-Units 7-8)
单元考点提示
1. 词汇:
point, line, hit , shake, kitchen, forever, scientist, movement, for a while, fall off , cut off, stay up, a large number of , a bit, at the time of , sound like, feel the floor move, on the morning of April 18th, as strong as possible, soup, coffee, bowl, offer, corn,
discover, room, ship, fresh, cheese, ever before/ever since, just a little, ice cream, a bottle of…,just now, help yourself to…, all kinds of , in the 7th century, take turns, be crowded(with), do/try one’s best, move into…,be made into paper, in many different ways, both…and…
2. 句型
(1)watch sb. do sth.
(2)…times as +adj. /adv. + as…
(3)It is +n. /adj. +(for/of sb. )to do sth
(4)I’ll teach you if you like
(5)What a delicious supper!
(6)…need as much water as rice.
(7)In many parts of the world, corn is made into powder
3. 交际用语:
(1)Were you in…at the time of…
(2)Sure I was
(3)I’ll never forget that.
(4)What was it like?
(5)Very strange.
(6)It sounded like. . .
(7)What happened next?
(8)Would you like?
(9)How about some more. . .
(10)Just a little, please.
(11)No, thanks, I’ve had enough.
(12)I’m full, thank you.
(13)Help yourself to. . .
(14)Let me give you. . .
(15)There’s plenty(of it)
考点精析与拓展
1. above, over, on
三个词都可以表示“在……上“,但用法不同。On表示与某物体表面接触;over表示在某物体垂直的上方,含“布满、覆盖、跨越”之意,与under 相对;above表示位置高于,但不一定垂直,与below相对。注意:与数字、数量、长度词连用时,多用over, 同more than。如:over10, 000people一万多人;表示年龄、刻度多用above,如a man above fifty五十开外的人;above zero零度以上。
习惯用语:well above average远在一般以上;above sea-level海拔以上;the one above上面的一个;above all首先,尤其重要的是;over there 那边; all over 遍及;over again 再一遍;over and over再三地
[应用]介词填空
①There lay an umbrella _______the table and some raincoats
_____it.
②The mother held an umbrella ______the boy’s head so that the sun wouldn’t burn him.
③ There seemed to be a war and many planes were flying ____the city.
④The moon was ______the trees in the east.
Key:①on, under ②over ③over ④above
2. afraid
1)“be afraid of+名词”,意为“害怕”。
2)“be afraid of doing sth”意为“担心,害怕……”。
3)“be afraid for…”意为“为……担心。”
4)“be afraid that…”意为“担心,恐怕”。
5)“be afraid to do ”意为“害怕,担心而不敢做某事”。
6)I’m afraid so/not. 恐怕是这样/恐怕不会这样
[应用]完成句子
①女孩子一般都怕蛇。
Girls are usually______ _____snakes.
②他怕把杯子打碎,因而很小心。
He was careful because he was afraid______ _____the glass.
③你不为自己的安全担心吗?
Are you afraid _______your safety?
④恐怕她会迷路。
I am _____ _____she will lose her way.
⑤汤姆把钱丢了,也不敢告诉他母亲。
Tom lost the money and was afraid________ ______his mother.
Key:①afraid, of ②of, breaking ③for ④afraid, that ⑤to tell
3. cut短语归纳
1)用作动词:
get one’s hair cut理发;cut a loaf of bread in two 把一块面包一切为二;cut a figure in stone 雕刻石像;cut the price 降价;cut the article 删节文章;cut down trees 伐树;cut down on smoking减少吸烟;cut in 插嘴,插入,cut in with a few words插嘴讲几句话;cut off a corner切掉一角;cut off electricity切断电源;cut off three sentences删去三个句子;cut out切掉,删掉;cut out the last part of the play把剧本的最后一部分删掉;cut…open切开。
2) 用作名词:the cuts on one’s arms 臂上的伤口:make big cuts削减,降价
[应用]介、副词填空
①Big cuts have been made ____the prices of medicine.
②The strong wind cut _____the electricity of the whole city.
③The chairman spoke so fast that nobody could cut____.
④All the trees were cut _____. They will have to answer for their foolish action
Key:①in ②off ③in ④down
4. fall短语归纳
fall from a tree从树上掉下来;fall off a table从桌子上落下;
fall out of bed 从床上跌下来;fall asleep入睡;fall ill病倒;fall behind落后;fall in love with sb. 爱上某人;fall to pieces倒塌,垮台,崩溃,解体;fall into the water跌进水中;fall down 倒下;fall onto the ground掉(倒)在地上;have many falls 跌下许多跤;in the fall在秋季。
[应用]完成句子
①那个孩子从墙上掉下来伤着了右腿。
The boy____ ____the wall and hurt his right leg.
②他不想在学习上落后于别人。
He didn’t want to _____ ____others in his studies.
Key:①fell, off ②fall, behind
5. as…as
as many as 和……一样多/多达;as much as 和……一样多/多达(注意:many指可数的量,much 指不可数词的量);as high as 和……一样高/高达;as thick as 和……一样厚/厚达;as long as 一样长/长达;as deep as 一样深/深达;as early as 一样早/早在……时候,如:
We have as many books as they. 我们的书和他们的一样多。/The great fire burned down as many as twenty buildings. 大火烧毁的大楼多达20座。
[应用]汉译英
①新桥与旧桥一样长。/这种鱼可长到长达15英尺。
②这座山和远处的另一座一样高。/这座山高达4000米。
Key:
①The new bridge is as long as the old one. /The kind
of fish can grow as long as 15 feet.
②This mountain is as high as another one in the distance. /This mountain is as high as 4, 000 metres.
6. 倍数的表示法
1)…times as…as“……是……的几倍”;
Asia is four times as large as Europe.
亚洲的大小是欧洲的4倍。
2)…times +形容词/副词比较级+that:
The new building is four times higher than the old one.
新楼比旧楼高4倍。
3)…times+the size/height/length/depth+of…
The earth is 49 times the size of the moon.
地球是月亮大小的49倍。
The ball is twice the width of our classroom.
舞厅是我们教室宽度的2倍。
4)…times+what从句:
The production now is three times what it was ten years ago.
现在的生产是10年前的3倍。
[应用]选择正确答案
①After the new technique was introduced, the factory
produced _____tractors in 1988 as the year before. (MET’90)
A.as twice many B. as many twice
C. twice as many D. twice many as
②The population of China is _____than that of America.
A. larger five times B. five times larger
C. five times as D. as five times
Key:①C ②B
7.形容词、副词各等级的修饰语
1)修饰原级的词:very, so, too, quite, rather, fairly, pretty.
2)修饰比较级的词:a little, a bit, slightly, any, much, a lot, a great deal, far, by far, rather, even, still, yet等。
3)修饰最高级的词:by far, much , almost , the second等。
注意:基数词、分数、百分数也可修饰比较等级。
[应用]完成句子
①恐怕箱子对你来说太重了,不过还是要谢谢你。
I’m afraid the box is ______heavy _____you, but thank you all the same. (MET’90)
②我的房间比你们的稍大一点。
Our room is ____ ____ than theirs.
③我比你早到三个小时。
I came here______ _____ _____ than you.
④黄河是中国第二长河。
The Yellow River is_____ _____ _____river in China.
Key:①too, for ②slightly, bigger ③three, hours, earlier④the, second, longest
8. join, join in, take part in , attend
1)join 表示“加入党派,组织、社团、俱乐部”等。
如:join the Party/Youth League/army/club/organization入党/入团/参军/加入俱乐部/加入组织。
2)join in 表示“参加正在进行的活动”。如 :join in a game /discussion/conversation/walk/
talk参加游戏/讨论/谈话/一起散步/一起讨论。亦可说:join sb. in (doing)sth. 表示“加入某人一起做某事”。
3)take part in 表示“参加会议、活动”,侧重说明主语参加并发挥一定作用,part 前若有修饰语,要用不定冠词。如:take (an active)part in a party/school activities/physical labour(积极)参加聚会/学校活动/体力劳动。
4)attend 表示“出席、参加会议、仪式、婚礼、葬礼、典礼、上课、上学、听报告”。如:attend a meeting/a sports meeting/a concer /a show/school/a lecture参加会议/运动会/出席音乐会/出席展览会/上学/听演讲。 [应用]完成句子
①我哥哥参军2年了。
It’s two years since my brother _______the army.
②我的朋友和我一起祝你生日快乐。
All my friends_______ ________ ________ wishing you a
happy birthday.
③今晚有一个聚会,你参加吗?
There will be a party this evening. Are you going to
_______ _________ _______ it?
④迈克没有参加莉莉的婚礼。
Mike didn’t ______ Lily’s wedding.
Key:①joined ②join,me, in③take, part, in ④attend
9. at表示速度、价格、利率
at a high/low price以高价/;低价;at 40 miles an hour 以每小时40英里的速度;at a high/low speed以高速/慢速;at an ordinary speed 以普通速度;at full/top speed以全速/高速;at a speed of 以……速度。
[应用]完成句子
①公司决定以较低的价格将这批电视卖掉。
The company decided to sell the TV sets ______ ______ ___
―――― 。
②火车正以每小时150英里的速度前进。
The train was running ______ _____ ______ _______150 miles an hour .
Key:①at, a, low, price
②at, a, speed, of
10. 动词 + off短语
fly off 飞走;go off 离开;take off 脱下,起飞;run off 跑开;fall off 掉下;turn off 关上;get off 下来;drive off 驶离;hurry off 匆忙离开;keep off 离开,勿靠近;pay off 还清(债)put off 推迟;send off驱逐;set off 出发,动身;throw off 扔掉,匆忙脱衣;ring off 挂断电话;
[应用]完成句子
①此处很危险,让孩子们离开。
It’s dangerous here. ______ ______ the children.
②火车刚到,一大群人正在下车。
The train has just come in, with crowds of people______
_______it.
Key:①keep , off ②getting, off
11. quite, rather与名词连用时冠词的位置
quite, rather表示“相当”意义与名词连用时,a/an可放在之前,亦可之后;但the 必须置于它们的前面。如:quite a big house/a quite big house相当大的一套房子。如:a quite easy problem/quite an easy problem相当容易的一个问题;a rather good player /rather a good player相当不错的一名运动员;the rather/quite tall tree 那棵相当高的树。
[应用]完成句子
①今天相当冷。
It’s _____ _____ cold day today.
②他是个相当不错的艺术家。
He is ______ ______ _______artist.
Key: ①rather, a ②quite, a , good
12. discover
discover sth. 发现某物;discover oneself暴露自己的身份;discover sb. doing sth. 发现某人在做某事;discover sb. /sth. to be…发现某人(物)……;discover + that 从句发现……常用搭配:discover one’s mistake/an island/the truth发现自己的错误/一座岛/事实的真相
[应用]完成句子
①我们发现他是一位出色的舞蹈家。
We ______her ______ _____ a good dancer. /We _____ that
_______ _______a good dancer.
②有人发现她在偷东西。
Someone ______ ______ ______ things. /Someone discovered that
______ ______stealing things.
Key:
①discovered,to, be/discovered, she, was
②discovered, her, stealing/she, was
13. room, space
room, space都可以用作不可数名词,表示“空间,余地”。另外,room
有“房间”之意,可数;space有“太空”之意,不可数。常用短语:live a room 5住在5号房间;three rooms三个房间;take up much room占很多空间;standing room 立足之地;in space 在太空
[应用]单句改错
①There is much rooms for improvement in our work.
②There isn’t enough spaces in this classroom for 30 desks.
③The universe exists in the space, as we all know.
Key: ①改rooms为room
②改spaces为space
③去掉space前的the
14. crowd
crowd 可用作名词,表示“人群,群”;用作动词,表示“群集,拥挤”。如:
a crowd of children一群孩子;crowds of books 成堆的书;a cheering crowd 欢呼的人群;crowd into 挤进;crowd in 拥入;crowd round围在……的周围;a crowded city/train拥挤的城市/火车;be crowded with 挤满、塞满
[应用]汉译英
①很多村民从大门拥入,院子里很挤。
②大厅里挤满了学生。
Key:
①Many villagers crowded in through the gate and the yard was
crowded.
②The hall was crowded with students.
15. prepare
prepare a plan/cards/a meal/one’s lessons 准备一个计划/卡片/一顿饭/备课;prepare sb. sth. /prepare sth. for sb. 为某人准备某物;prepare to do sth. 准备做某事;prepare sb. for使某人对……进行准备;make preparations for 为做准备:
辩析:
①prepare one’s lessons(指教师)备课;prepare for one’s
lossons (指学生)准备功课
②prepare for “为……做准备”,侧重指动作;be(get)prepared
for “对某事从物质上,心理上做好了准备”是系结构,表示状态。对比:We are preparing for the final exam我们正在为期末考试做准备。/We are well prepared for the final exam. 这次期末考试我们已完全做好了准备。
[应用]完成句子
①爸爸为我们准备了一顿丰盛的午饭。
Father _______ _____ a good lunch. /Father ______ a good
lunch______ us.
②明天是儿童节。孩子们在准备去爬山。
Tomorrow is Children’s Day. The children are ______ _____
______climbing.
③我们必须让所有的人为可能的洪水做好准备。
We must_______ all the people______ the possible flood.
④外交部长对这样的问题没有思想准备。
The Foreign Minister ______ not______for such questions.
Key:
①prepared, us/prepared, for
②preparing, to , go
③prepare, for
④was, prepared
16. offer
offer sth. 提供,提出;offer sb. sth. /offer sth. to(for)sb.
为某人提供、提出;offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事;offer sb. sth. for(money)卖给某人要多少钱;offer sb. (money)for sth出钱买东西
短语:offer advice/suggestions/congratulations/the price提出劝告/建议/表示祝贺/出价;make an offer of help 主动提供帮助;accept one’s offer 接受某人的建议
[应用]完成句子
①他把座位让给了老人。
He ______his seat______ the old man. /He _____the old man
His seat.
②我的同桌主动提出帮我学英语。
My deskmate _____ ______ _____ me with my English.
③有人出1万元买你的这套房子。
Someone will _____ you 10, 000 yuan______ your house.
Key:①offered, to /offered
②offered, to , help
③offer, for
经典名题导解
1. ― Do you like the material?
―Yes, it_____ very soft.
A. is feeling B. felt C. feels D. is felt
解析:此题主要考查feel一词作系动词的用法。因为空格后面是形容词,所以谓语动词要用系动词的一船现在时,而不用它的被动语态和现在进行时。故正确答案为C。
点评:诸如 feel作系动词的用法的词还有:sound, taste, smell,
look等,经常被测试。需要注意的是这些系动词不用进时和被动语态。
2.After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced_______ tractors in 1988 as the year before.
A. as twice many B. as many twice
C. twice as many D. twice many as
解析:此题主要考查形容词中倍数的表达法。表示倍数、几分之几、百分之的单词或短语放在as(so)…as 或形容词比较级的前面。所以要填twice as many as。故答案为C。
点评:倍数的表达公式为:A is …times + adj. /adv. (比较级)+that+B或A is. . . times+as+adj. /adv. (原级)+as+B, 答题时需注意属于哪一句式。
3.Mr Zhang gave the textbooks to all the pupils except _____ who had already taken them.
A. the ones B. ones C. some D. the others
解析:本题主要考查不定代词的用法区别。这是一个限定性定语从句。缺少先行词。the ones 表示特指,ones 表示泛指,不能作先行词,the others 意思是“剩余的”,与定语从句的语义重复,some亦为泛指。故答案为A。
点评:不定代词one、it、ones、the ones以及other、the other(s)在英语的语言运用中极为普及,需留意它们区别。
4. ― ______ you like some more bread?
―I’m full, thank you .
A. Shall B. Will C. Are D. Would
解析:本题考查“would……like sth. ”句型表示征求对方意见的用法。shall用于征询对方意见时常用于第一、三人称中,will 和would 常用于第二人称表示征求对方意见,但would语气更委婉,因此本题答案D恰当。
点评:情态动词是语法学习的一大难点,解这类题时应准确理解语意,把握语境。
5. Thank you very much for _______ you have done for my sister.
A. that B. which C. it D. what
解析:本题考查宾语从句在复合句中的用法。这是一个复合句,其中,you have done for my sister这个句子是作介词for的宾语,因此这是一个宾语从句,而从句中done是个及物动词,其后缺少了宾语。故答案选D。
点评:解复合句时,首先应分析句子结构,弄清句子结构后,根据不同的从句选用正确的连接词。
e. g. I don’t know where I can buy this map.
6. ― Do you think I could borrow your dictionary?
― ________.
A. Yes, you may borrow B. Yes, you could
D. Yes, help yourself D. Yes, go on
解析:本题考查日常口语的使用。题中用could 是请求对方帮忙或同意自己做某事时婉转的用法。因此本题问话简略答语可以是“Yes, you can”而不是B项“Yes , you could”,而A项不能省略代词it. D项意为“用吧”。故答案选 C恰当。意为“自己取用”。
点评:对于一些语意相近的答语应认真分析,逐一排除。